The latest data from the Central Water Commission (CWC) highlights a serious decline in water storage across major reservoirs and river basins in India. The live storage in 150 monitored reservoirs is currently at 31% of total capacity, significantly lower than last year’s 67.57 BCM during the same period. This decrease is particularly pronounced in southern states like Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu, where combined storage is only 9.31 BCM, almost half of last year’s levels.

Western states such as Maharashtra and Gujarat, as well as northern states like Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, and Rajasthan, are also experiencing reduced water levels, hovering around 33% of capacity.
Eastern states, while relatively better at 40.6%, still show a decrease compared to last year.
Several river basins, especially in the south and east, are severely affected. Rivers between Mahanadi and Pennar have no water storage compared to their 10-year averages. For example, the Pennar river basin is at only 1.35% of its total capacity, indicating a 96% deficit.

The primary cause of this decline is a significant rainfall deficit in catchment areas since March. Many India Meteorological Department sub-divisions have recorded notable deficits, especially in Andaman and Nicobar Islands (96%), Konkan and Goa (92%), and other regions.

This situation directly impacts agriculture, as water scarcity affects irrigation, crucial for food production. Hydroelectric projects are also affected due to reduced water availability. The upcoming monsoon season brings uncertain relief, especially for states like Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana already facing acute shortages.

Addressing this crisis requires urgent water resource management strategies, including efficient water use, conservation efforts, and robust planning to ensure sustainable water management. Collaborative efforts from governments, communities, and stakeholders are essential to navigate these challenges and secure water resources for agriculture, energy, and overall livelihoods.