On June 15th, 2024, Medha Patkar, renowned activist and leader of the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA), initiated an indefinite fast at Chota Barda in Barwani district, Madhya Pradesh. Her protest is a stark reminder of the long-standing issues surrounding the Sardar Sarovar Dam and its impact on the local communities, particularly those affected by displacement and inadequate rehabilitation measures. As Medha Patkar continues her fast, the spotlight remains firmly on the Narmada Valley and its unresolved issues. The urgency of her demands underscores the persistent failures in governance and accountability concerning large-scale development projects. The outcome of her protest could potentially reignite a national conversation about the ethics of development, environmental sustainability, and the rights of marginalized communities.

In 2023, the region witnessed a devastating incident that exacerbated the already simmering discontent. A man-made disaster along the Narmada River resulted in substantial losses for the affected population, further highlighting the vulnerabilities and lack of support faced by those living in the shadow of the dam.

Medha Patkar’s fast is not merely symbolic but a determined effort to press for justice and rights that have long been denied to the affected people. She demands the full rehabilitation of all remaining Poject Affected Persons (PAPs) as per established laws, policies, and Supreme Court orders. This includes ensuring that all displaced families receive suitable alternative housing, land, and livelihood options. She insists on fair market value compensation for all those who suffered losses in the 2023 disaster. The compensation should reflect not only monetary losses but also the emotional and social costs borne by the affected families.

This protest calls for the immediate appointment of Rehabilitation Officers and Honorable Members of the Grievance Redressal Authority in Madhya Pradesh. These positions are crucial for overseeing the rehabilitation process and addressing grievances effectively. Until all rehabilitation measures are satisfactorily completed, she demands that the water level of the Sardar Sarovar Dam be maintained at 122 meters (crest level). Additionally, she advocates for keeping the 17 meters gates open to alleviate pressure on downstream communities.

Medha Patkar’s protest has garnered significant support from various quarters, including civil society organizations, environmental activists, and political leaders sympathetic to the cause of social justice. Her dedication to the plight of the marginalized has earned her respect and admiration over the years.

However, the government’s response has been mixed. While acknowledging the need for rehabilitation, authorities have often cited bureaucratic delays and financial constraints as reasons for the slow progress in implementing rehabilitation measures. This stance has been a point of contention, with critics accusing the government of neglecting its duty towards the affected communities.