A recent review from the Global Commission on the Economics of Water has issued a stark warning: within the next 25 years, over half of the world’s food production is at risk due to a rapidly worsening water crisis. The report emphasizes the urgent need for measures to conserve water resources and protect the ecosystems vital for fresh water supply.

Currently, more than two billion people lack access to safe drinking water, while approximately 3.6 billion—nearly 44% of the global population—live without safe sanitation. The crisis is projected to escalate, with demand for fresh water expected to exceed supply by 40% by the end of the decade. Experts assert that without immediate action, these water shortages could severely impact global food production and economic stability, potentially reducing global GDP by about 8% by 2050, with poorer countries facing even greater losses.

The commission’s report highlights the interconnection of global water systems, illustrating how water moves in “atmospheric rivers” that transport moisture across regions. It notes that about half of the world’s rainfall over land is generated by healthy ecosystems, which are critical to the hydrological cycle. Some countries benefit significantly from these systems, relying on sustainable land management in other regions for their water supply.

The report identifies water as “victim number one” of the climate crisis, pointing to increasing extreme weather events such as droughts and floods. It underscores that every 1°C rise in global temperatures can increase atmospheric moisture by 7%, further intensifying the water cycle and contributing to environmental instability.

There is an urgent need for coordinated global action, as there are currently no effective governance structures in place for water management. The United Nations has convened only one water conference in the past 50 years, highlighting a significant gap in global attention to this critical issue. Collaborative water resource management is essential to ensure equitable access for all communities, especially vulnerable populations.

One central finding of the report is the detrimental impact of harmful agricultural subsidies. Currently, over $700 billion in subsidies are directed towards agriculture, many of which encourage wasteful water practices. The report argues that these subsidies must be redirected to promote sustainable water use and equitable access, particularly for impoverished communities. A focus on integrating efficiency, equity, and environmental sustainability into water policy is crucial.

Additionally, the report highlights how women and girls disproportionately bear the burden of water scarcity. The water crisis is linked to broader issues of gender equality and child mortality, indicating the interconnected nature of these challenges and the need for a holistic approach to water management.

The report outlines five key takeaways:

• Global Water Crisis: A significant portion of the population lacks access to safe water and sanitation, exacerbating health issues and economic inequality.
• Lack of Global Coordination: There is currently no unified global effort to address the water crisis despite its implications for all.
• Impact of Climate Change: Climate breakdown is intensifying water scarcity, with severe disruptions expected in hydrological systems.
• Economic Inequity in Water Access: Current water pricing structures disproportionately favor wealthier individuals and industries, leaving vulnerable populations with limited access to clean water.
• Recognition of Water as a Common Good: The report advocates for a paradigm shift to recognize water as a global common good, essential for all life.

In conclusion, the Global Commission on the Economics of Water stresses the urgent need for a comprehensive and coordinated global response to the escalating water crisis. Without decisive action, the implications for food security, economic stability, and social equity could be dire.